世界深水油气勘探形势分析及对我国深水油气勘探的启示

为了了解及借鉴世界深水油气勘探开发的技术、经验,从而对我国正在开展的深水油气勘探开发有所启示,对当前世界深水油气勘探开发形势、面临问题及发展趋势等进行了广泛调研,并进行了较深入分析。全球深水海域油气资源丰富,已成为当前热门的油气勘探领域。深水油气产量及所占比重不断增长,全球深水油气产量从1996年的不足2×108bbl油当量增长到2005年的14×108bbl油当量,全球深水油气产量占海洋油气总产量的比重分别由2004年的10%和7%,将增长至2015年的25%和12%。与此同时,随着深水油气勘探的逐渐深入,也面临着越来越多的难题,如油藏规模越来越小、油藏流体越来越复杂、作业海域环境越来越恶劣以及对技术的要求越来越高等。为了解决这些问题,高分辨率3D地震技术、4C/4D地震技术、大位移水平井及分支井技术、智能完井技术、各种深水作业平台以及越来越智能化的海底生产系统等,正日益广泛应用于深水油气的勘探开发中。全球深水油气勘探开发形势表明,深水油气勘探开发虽然面临各种难题与挑战,但因其丰厚的投资回报以及相关技术的快速进步,使得其在世界各深水海域得以迅猛推进,尤其在大西洋两侧的西非沿岸、巴西近海和墨西哥湾深水区,并不断取得重大发现,成为全球油气储量增长的重要一极。我国南海北部陆坡深水盆地具有与大西洋两侧盆地群类似的被动大陆边缘背景,亦应具有良好的油气前景,最新的荔湾3-1-1井取得的重大发现亦证实了此点。南海南部周边国家在南部深水区已取得的众多油气发现亦表明我国南海南部深水区具有良好的油气勘探前景。因此,应加快勘探开发的步伐,充分利用深水区丰富的油气资源。

The current situation and trend of deepwater oil and gas exploration of the world and the inspiration for us

In order to know about the technology and experience of global deepwater oil and gas exploration and development,and then get some helpful information and inspiration,we investigated and studied the current situations,and trend of global deepwater oil and gas exploration and development widely.Deepwater oil and gas resource is very prolific.Deepwater oil and gas exploration has already become one of the most popular exploration domains at present.The production and the percentage of deepwater oil and gas are increasing unceasingly,the production of deepwater oil and gas in the world increased from less than 0.2 billion barrels in 1996 to 1.4 billion barrels in 2005,and the production of deepwater oil and gas in 2004 is respectively 10% and 7% of the total offshore oil and gas production of the world.To 2015,the percentage will increase to 25% and 12% respectively.At the same time,with the development of deepwater exploration,many kinds of problems must be faced,such as the size of reservoir is smaller and smaller,the fluid of the reservoir is more and more complicated, the operation environment is more and more hostile,and so on.To deal with these problems,many advanced technologies,such as high resolution 3D seismic,4C/4D seismic,extended reach horizontal well,branch well,intellectual completion,different kinds of deepwater platforms and more and more autonomous subsea production system are applied widely.The situation of global deepwater oil and gas exploration and development indicates that,although faced many problems and challenges,the good profit and the rapid progress of technologies make it propel quickly in many deepwater areas,especially in West Africa,Brazil and the Gulf of Mexico,and gets many significant finds continually.In the deepwater shelf area of the northern South China Sea,it has the same tectonic setting of passive continental margin with them,so it should has good oil and gas prospect,and the important discovery made by Liwan 3-1-1 well recently also proved it.These finds made by the adjacent countries in southern deepwater area of the South China Sea also demonstrate that this area has good oil and gas prospect.So it is very urgent to speed up exploring and developing the deepwater oil and gas resources.