新型柴油十六烷值改进剂一草酸二异戊酯的合成

以草酸和异戊醇为原料,环己烷为带水剂,采用酸性化合物作为催化剂,合成草酸二异戊酯。考察了酸醇比、反应时间、催化剂用量和带水剂用量等因素对于酯化反应产率的影响。以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂的最佳反应条件为：草酸和异戊醇的物质的量比为1∶3,催化剂用量为草酸质量的2.5%,带水剂环己烷的用量为30mL/0.1mol草酸,反应时间为120min,反应的酯化率在95%以上。以硫酸氢钠为催化剂的最佳反应条件为：草酸和异戊醇的物质的量比为1∶2.5,催化剂用量为1.2g/0.1mol草酸,带水剂环己烷的用量为30mL/0.1mol草酸,反应时间为90min,反应的酯化产率可达93%。由该方法得到的草酸二异戊酯的酯化率和产品的纯度均较高,具有广泛的应用前景。

Synthesis of Novel Diesel Cetane Number Improver-Diisoamyl Oxalate

With using oxalic acid and isoamyl alcohol as raw materials,cyclohexane as water carrier and acidic compounds as a catalyst,the diisoamyl oxalate is synthesized.The effects of ratio of acid to alcohol,reaction time,amount of catalyst,and the amount of water carrier on the esterification reaction yield are investigated.The optimal reaction conditions with using the p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst are showed as follows： the molar ratio of oxalic acid to isoamyl alcohol is 1∶3,the amount of catalyst is 2.5% of the mass of oxalic acid,the cyclohexane amount is 30mL/0.1 mol of oxalic acid,the reaction time is 120min,the esterification reaction yield is over 95%.The optimal reaction conditions with using the sodium hydrogen sulfate as catalyst are showed as follows： the molar ratio of oxalic acid to isoamyl alcohol is 1 ∶2.5,the amount of catalyst is 1.2g/0.1mol of oxalic acid,the cyclohexane amount is 30mL/0.1mol of oxalic acid,the reaction time is 90min,and the esterification reaction yield is up to 93%.The esterification yield and purity of the product is high obtained by this method,and it has a extensive application prospects.