软件柔性的概念和度量

为解决用户需求不断变化的问题，将柔性引人软件工程领域。讨论了软件柔性的相关概念，分析了软件的脆性、刚性、弹性、塑性、韧性和动物性等形态变化特征，提出了柔点、柔力、柔度、柔距及柔量等软件柔性的度量要素，给出它们的计算公式和计算实例；将面向用户的软件柔性划分为潜在柔性、可利用的柔性、已利用的柔性、当前柔性及需求柔性；将软件柔性的层次划分为自柔性、面向低级用户的柔性、面向高级用户的柔性和面向开发人员的柔性。针对信息系统中报表功能的问题，提出了柔性报表系统的思想，并以柔性报表系统为例，对软件的柔性、柔性软件系统及其应用进行了说明。

Concept and measurement of software flexibility

Flexibility was introduced into software engineering domain to solve the problem of changes on users' requirements. The definition of software flexibility and the relative concepts were discussed. The deformations of software were analyzed such as brittleness, rigidity, elasticity, plasticity, ductility and creatureliness. The measurement indexes such as flexible point, flexible force, flexible degree, flexible distance and flexible capacity were suggested, and meanwhile their calculation formulas and the examples were given. The features of the software flexibility to user were described as potential flexibility, available flexibility, used flexibility, current flexibility, requiring flexibility. The layers of software flexibility were partitioned as self-adaptive flexibility, low-level user flexibility, high-level user flexibility, and developer-level flexibility. To solve the problems of report function in information system, the flexible report system was developed and was taken as an example to demonstrate software flexibility and its application.