The biofilm forming potential of bacterial species in the genus Campylobacter

The biofilm forming abilities of 16 strains representative of 14 of the 16 species comprising the genus Campylobacter were determined on glass, stainless steel, and polystyrene plastic. The formation of biofilms has been suggested as a means by which Campylobacter is able to persist within an inhospitable environment. Of the eight microaerophilic Campylobacter species, including two strains each of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter fetus, only C. jejuni strain 81–176 reliably produced a visible biofilm on multiple surfaces. Alternately, all six strains of the anaerobic Campylobacter species reliably produced visible biofilms on multiple surfaces. Electron micrographs of the individual biofilms showed relatively homogeneous biofilms produced by the anaerobic strains, while the microaerophilic C. jejuni strain 81–176 produced a biofilm containing similar quantities of both the spiral and coccoid forms. This survey suggests a difference in the biofilm forming potentials and the morphologies of the bacteria comprising the biofilms between anaerobic and microaerophilic species of Campylobacter. Additionally, differences observed in the biofilm forming ability of two strains of C. jejuni suggest the need for a further investigation of the biofilm forming potential of this species using a larger number of strains.