多棘海盘车营养成分分析及评价

对多棘海盘车生殖腺和体壁的营养成分进行分析，并对其营养品质进行评价。结果表明，多棘海盘车生殖腺的粗蛋白质含量为43.14%；氨基酸种类齐全，必需氨基酸含量为127.73 mg/g，占氨基酸总量的37.32%，各必需氨基酸平均得分为103.79；脂肪含量为39.22%，多不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸含量的48.92%，二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸含量丰富；维生素和无机元素种类丰富且含量较高，无重金属污染，表明多棘海盘车生殖腺具有较高的食用和药用价值。多棘海盘车体壁的蛋白质含量较高，氨基酸种类齐全，富含牛磺酸和胶原蛋白的特征氨基酸--羟脯氨酸；脂肪含量较低，但多不饱和脂肪酸比例高，二十碳五烯酸含量高达16.67%；Ca、Mg等无机常量元素和Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn等微量元素含量丰富，可望用于提取胶原蛋白或开发研制水产动物饲料。

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritive Composition of Asterias amurensis

In order to understand the nutritive quality of Asterias amurensis, the main nutrient components, including 18
common amino acids, proteins, fat as well as vitamins and mineral ions in the gonad and body wall of Asterias amurensis
were analyzed. The results showed that the content of crude protein was 43.14%. Eighteen common amino acids were found
in the gonad of Asterias amurensis and the content of essential amino acids (EAA) was 127.73 mg/g (dry weight) and the
ratio of total essential amino acids to total amino acids was 37.32%. According to nutrition evaluation in amino acid score
(AAS), the AAS of the gonad of Asterias amurensis was 103.79, indicating its high nutritional value. The content of crude
fat was 39.22% with the ratio of PUFA to total fatty acids as 48.92%. The gonad of Asterias amurensis was rich in EPA and
DHA and also contained a wide range of vitamins and mineral ions in abundant amounts with low contents of heavy metals,
indicating its high edible and medicinal value. The body wall of Asterias amurensis had relatively high content of crude
protein with all 18 common amino acids and was high in both the characteristic amino acids for collagen-hydroxyproline and
taurine. The crude fat content in the body wall of Asterias amurensis was low, while a high proportion of PUFA and 16.67%
of EPA was found in it. The ash content was high with affluent calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese. The
body wall of Asterias amurensis was suggested to be used for extracting collagen or developing aquatic animal feed.