Primary aerobic biodegradation of cationic and amphoteric surfactants |
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Authors: | Yong?Qin Email author" target="_blank">Gaoyong?ZhangEmail author Baoan?Kang Yumei?Zhao |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering of Taiyuan, University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan Shanxi, People's Republic of China;(2) China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, No. 34 Wenyuan St., 030001 Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China |
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Abstract: | The primary aerobic biodegradation of several cationic and amphoteric surfactants has been studied by using the shaking-flask
degradation test and orange II spectrophotometric analysis. The results show that cationic and amphoteric surfactants can
be readily biodegraded, with their degradation exceeding 94%. The degradation kinetics can be accurately described by the
Boltzmann model. The relationship between structure and biodegradability is discussed. The presence of hydrophobic groups
has a strong effect on the biodegradability of these surfactants. Biodegradability decreases with increasing chain length.
The presence of hydrophilic groups mainly affects the degradation rate of these surfactants, but not their ultimate biodegradeability.
Bio-degradability is deterred and degradation is slowed as steric hindrance increases. Degradation rates increase markedly
when hydrophilic groups containing an amide bond are pres-ent. |
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Keywords: | Aerobic biodegradation amphoteric surfactants cationic surfactants degradation extent |
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