南疆地区传统村落景观基因异变检视 修复研究

南疆地区传统村落景观是当地特殊地理环境和人文印迹层积叠加的产物,拥有着鲜明的地域文化属性和人居空间符号特征。以"景观-基因"的异变辨识视角探析传统村落千百年来有序传承的深层基因内核,不仅有利于揭示地域聚居历史演化的动力机制,更可使现今的乡村振兴保护开发工作对地域特色基因的保持有相互印证参考之利。尝试引用文化地理学领域的景观基因理论与方法,通过村落选址、整体格局、街巷交通、平面类型、建造材料5个不同基因载体对象层面对南疆地区传统村落的景观基因特征及其异变类型进行识别与解译,从保护振兴的价值视角探究概括出其历史演变过程的"基因"承变、类变、突变形态特征,并针对当前传统村落的基因异变现状提出后续的检视修复建议。

Study on the Genetic Mutation of Traditional Village Landscape in Southern Xinjiang

The traditional village landscape in southern Xinjiang is the product of local special geographical environment and human imprinting, which has distinct regional cultural attributes and human settlements space symbol characteristics. From the perspective of prototype "landscape-gene", this paper analyzes the deep gene core of the orderly traditional villages in the past thousands of years, which is not only helpful to the dynamic mechanism of the evolution of regional settlement history, but also makes the current rural revitalization, protection and development work have the benefit of mutual verification and reference to the maintenance of regional characteristic genes. This paper attempts to introduce the landscape gene theory in the field of cultural geography, and to analyze the specific landscape genes of the traditional villages in southern Xinjiang from the macro planning level and the micro architectural level village. Based on the typological analysis of vector elements, this paper explores and summarizes the characteristics of "gene" inheritance, quasi-change and mutation morphology in the process of historical inheritance, and puts forward the corresponding inspection methods of gene morphological changes. Finally, in view of the current situation of gene changes in traditional villages, some suggestions for further repair are put forward.