中国城区公园绿地面积与人口数量、建设 用地面积演变的脱钩关系研究

公园绿地是满足市民"美好生活需求"的优质公共绿色空间,并受建设用地的支撑与约束,科学认识其与人口、建设用地相互关系是实现城市高质量发展的关键点。引入"脱钩"理论及模型,将"公园绿地与人口、建设用地"联动,系统分析1996—2016年三者耦合特征及整体复杂关系。研究表明:1)公园绿地建设与人口协调关系严峻,与"以人民为中心"导向脱节;公园绿地与建设用地处于"以土地推绿地"的"挂钩"增长态势;2)从整体联动视角看,约1/3城市的公园绿地与人口、建设用地整体统筹建设不协调,公园绿地发展面临"过度依赖建设用地"困境,亟须转变成"因人口制绿,以存量建设用地为基"建设。"脱钩"研究能定量化和精细化呈现公园绿地与人口、建设用地的耦合关系,是典型视角和典型方法在学科领域的一次尝试,以期为新时代有序推进三者统筹优化配置提供科学参考。

Decoupling Relationship of the Evolution of Urban Park Green Space Area with Population Quantity and Construction Land Area in Chinese Urban Areas

Urban park green space is the high-quality public green space to meet people''s "needs for a better life", and is supported and restrained by the construction land. Scientific understanding of its relationship with population and construction land is the key point to achieve high-quality development of cities. By introducing the "decoupling" theory and model, integrating "park green space with population, construction land" into a unified research framework, the coupling feature and overall complex relationship of the three are analyzed systematically from the national macro and structural perspective from 1996 to 2016. The research shows: 1) the coordination relationship between the park green space and population is severe, which is out of line with the "people-centered" construction orientation; park green space and construction land is in a "linked" growth trend, showing the mode of "pushing green space with land"; 2) from the perspective of overall linkage, about 1/3 of the cities'' overall construction of park green space is not in harmony with the population or construction land in China, and the construction is faced with the dilemma of "over-reliance on construction land" that needs to be transformed into the way of "developing simultaneously according to population change, based on construction land in-stock" urgently. It is an attempt to take advantage of "decoupling" research to present the coupling relationship among the urban park green space and population, construction land quantitatively and finely, from a typical perspective and typical method in the field of discipline, in order to provide scientific reference for the orderly promotion to co-ordinate and optimize the configuration of the three in the new era.