城市暴雨洪涝模拟：原理、模型与展望

在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下,我国城市洪涝问题日趋严重。在对城市水循环规律深入研究的基础上,开发城市水文水动力模型模拟城市洪涝过程,是弄清城市洪涝致灾机理、减轻洪涝灾害和评估海绵城市减灾效果的重要工具。本文从我国城市洪涝现状和海绵城市建设出发,总结了城市洪涝模拟方法,对水文模型、水动力模型以及二者的耦合机理进行了较为深入的分析,并介绍了目前常用的城市洪涝模拟模型。在此基础上,梳理了当前与城市洪涝模拟相关的热点研究领域,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Simulation of urban flooding/waterlogging processes: Principle,models and prospects

Under the impact of climate change and human activities, urban flooding/waterlogging is becoming serious in China year by year. Based on the study of urban hydrological cycle, hydrological and hydrodynamic models for the simulation of urban flooding/waterlogging processes should be developed. This kind of model is a very important tool for the understanding of urban flooding/waterlogging mechanism, mitigation of flooding/waterlogging disaster and assessment of the mitigation effect of disaster for the sponge city construction. In this paper, urban flooding/waterlogging and sponge city construction in China is reviewed,and the principle for urban flooding/waterlogging simulation is analyzed. Hydrological models, hydrodynamic models and coupled hydrological-hydrodynamic models are reviewed,and the widely used urban flooding/waterlogging models are summarized. Then, hotspots related to urban flooding/waterlogging simulation are presented,and future prospects are investigated.