大型磷铵装置技术探讨

单系列年产磷铵40万t以上称为大型磷铵装置。自20世纪50年代在美国密苏里建设了世界上第1个磷铵装置以来,国外磷铵装置技术经过几十年的改进,开发完善了多种磷铵生产技术,关键区别在于管式反应器和预中和反应器的应用。本文介绍了不同磷铵技术的优、缺点。管式反应器加预中和反应器混合工艺是两者优点的有机结合,既具备管式反应器反应热利用率高的优点,又对湿法磷酸的质量有较强的适应性,此工艺为发展大型磷铵装置的最佳工艺。并介绍云南化工设计院设计的云南三环中化嘉吉化肥公司60万t/a磷铵装置,实践表明:该工艺是可国产化的大型磷铵装置的最佳工艺。

Approach to technology of large-scale ammonium phosphate plant

Single series of ammonium phosphate plant over 400 kt/a is called a large scale one. With the first Ammonium phosphate plant operated in Missouri, USA in 1950's, different kinds of processes have been developed and modified since then, mainly differing at the application of either a pipe reactor or a pre neutralization reactor. Some merits and defects of each process are examined. A newly mixed process with pipe reactor plus pre neutralization reactor, combining the merits of the former's higher heat utilization and more adaptable to varied wet process phosphoric acid, is recommended as the best choice for the large scale ammonium phosphate plant. Exemplifying the 600 kt/a plant established in Yunan Three Circle and Sino Chem Cargill Fertilizer Corp., designed by Yunan Chemical Designing Institute, the process is proved a success and an optimum in China.