石油地震储层研究及应用——以塔里木盆地塔中地区碳酸盐岩为例

石油地震储层研究是随着地震勘探技术和储层地质的不断发展而出现的一种综合研究方法。结合储层地质和地球物理勘探技术最新动态,进一步定义了石油地震储层研究的概念,厘定了其研究思路、核心内容与技术方法体系。认为岩石地球物理实验是石油地震储层研究的基础,而储层地质研究、储层地球物理模拟与方法实验、储层地震地质解译及表征和储层综合评价与建模则是石油地震储层研究的4个基本研究步骤,简称为"四步法",并提出了测井分析技术、岩石地球物理模拟实验技术、储层地震预测、流体预测、储层建模和三维可视化是石油地震储层研究的6项关键技术。将石油地震储层研究"四步法"应用于塔里木盆地塔中地区碳酸盐岩储层研究中,实现了碳酸盐岩缝洞体定量化三维空间表征与建模,有效提高了油气勘探与开发的成功率。

Application and research of the petroleum seismic reservoir: a case study of carbonate reservoirs in the central Tarim Basin

The seismic reservoir study, a new comprehensive research method, emerges with the rapid development of seismic exploration technology and reservoir geology. Combined with the latest trend of reservoir geology and geophysical exploration technology, this paper further defines the concept of the seismic reservoir study and describes its research thought, core content and technology system through comprehensively analyses of basic theories and characters of the seismic reservoir study. The study shows that a petrophysical experiment is the basis for the seismic reservoir study, and there are four basic procedures ("four steps" for short) that constitute the seismic reservoir study, i.e. geological study, geophysical simulation and method testing, seismic geological interpretation and characterization, and comprehensive evaluation and modeling of reservoirs. In addition, the seismic reservoir study has six key techniques, including logging analysis, petrophysical simulation experiment, seismic prediction, fluid prediction, modeling and 3-D visualization of reservoirs. We achieved the quantitative 3-D space characterization and modeling of carbonate fracture-caved reservoirs by applying the four steps of the seismic reservoir study to the case study of the Tarim Basin, which substantially improved the success rate of oil-gas exploration and development in the study area.