黄河上游河道一维河道水温模型和经验公式法对比

为对比不同方法在黄河上游水温模拟中的适用性,分别用一维河道水温模型和经验公式法(四次多项式、三次多项式和幂函数)对兰州以上的黄河上游干支流共8个主要水文站日平均水温和月平均水温进行模拟,并采用平均绝对误差、均方根误差和纳什系数对模拟的精度进行检验。结果表明:四次多项式在黄河干流(除黄河沿站)日平均水温模拟中精度最高,幂函数在支流湟水的日平均水温模拟中精度最高;四次多项式适合黄河干流水文站的月平均水温模拟,幂函数更适合于支流湟水的月平均水温模拟;经验公式法在黄河干流日平均水温模拟中精度高于一维河道水温模型,更适合黄河上游干流段的日平均水温模拟。

Comparison of one-dimensional river water temperature model and empirical formula method in upper reaches of Yellow River

In order to compare the applicability of different methods in the simulation of water temperature in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the daily and monthly average water temperatures of eight main hydrological stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow River above Lanzhou were simulated by using one-dimensional river water temperature model and empirical formula method(quartic polynomial, cubic polynomial and power function). Mean absolute error, root mean square error and Nash coefficient were used to test the accuracy of simulation. The results show that quadratic polynomial has the highest accuracy in the daily average water temperature simulation of the main stream of the Yellow River(except for Huangheyan Station), and power function has the highest accuracy in the daily average water temperature simulation of the Huangshui tributary. Quadric polynomial is suitable for monthly average water temperature simulation of hydrological stations in the main stream of the Yellow River, and power function is more suitable for monthly average water temperature simulation of Huangshui tributary. Empirical formula method is more accurate than one-dimensional river water temperature model in the simulation of daily average water temperature in the main stream of the Yellow River, which is more suitable for the simulation of daily average water temperature in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.