闸前漩涡水力特性及形成条件的试验研究

结合实际工程，利用水工模型试验研究了闸前漩涡的发生规律和水力特性。试验研究表明，在闸门开度较大的工况下，才会出现严重的间歇吸气漏斗漩涡。而在闸门开度一定的情况下，闸前漩涡强度随淹没深度变化较为明显：当淹没深度趋近于某一值时，此时的漩涡强度存在极大值，小于或者大于这个淹没深度，漩涡的强度都会有不同程度的减弱，甚至消失。从理论上探讨分析了间歇吸气漏斗漩涡的形成条件。这些成果可为闸前漩涡消除措施的工程设计提供参考。

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics and Formation Conditions of Upstream Vortex

Combined with practical engineerings,the development law and hydraulic characteristics of upstream vortex are studied by hydraulic model tests.The test study results show that the intermittently inspiratory funnel vortex would only appear when the opening of the gate is larger.When the opening of the gate is not changed,the upstream vortex’s intensity would vary obviously with the depth of submergence.The maximum value of the vortex’s intensity would appear while the depth of submergence tends to a certain limit.When being less or greater than this depth of submergence,the intensity of vortex would be weakened to some extent,even disappear.Finally,the formation conditions of the intermittently inspiratory funnel vortex are studied in theory.The study achievements could provide references for the engineering design of upstream vortex’s eliminating measures.