卫星天线一体化轴系驱动机构研究

导航卫星天线指向驱动机构是实现卫星星间链路天线高精度、长寿命可靠指向的核心部件。根据驱动机构需经历的发射段力学环境,入轨后真空、高低温等约束条件及星间链路天线的高精度、长寿命的特殊要求,提出了在步进电机、谐波减速器、编码器串装和一体化轴系的基础上,提高驱动机构精度和寿命的设计方法。理论分析了驱动机构预紧轴系受力状态及其影响因素,并进行了驱动机构轴系预紧力、启动转矩等效试验和使用寿命试验,分析了所设计驱动机构的负载特性;对驱动机构轴系的锁紧螺母进行结构改进,使驱动机构轴系的受力得到了较好的优化。为验证所设计驱动机构及其改进方法的正确性,在地面开展了不同热环境下精度和寿命等测试试验,最终验证了该导航卫星天线驱动机构能够满足天线在特殊环境下高精度、长寿命在轨稳定运行的要求。机构轴系预紧力的分析和试验验证工作具有一定的工程指导意义。

Research on integrated shafting driving mechanism of satellite antenna

The pointing driving mechanism of navigation satellite antenna is the key component to realize high precision, long-life and reliable pointing of satellite inter-satellite link antenna. To meet the requirement of mechanical environment in launching stage, satisfy the constraint condition of vacuum, high and low temperature and satisfy the special high precision and long-life requirement of inter-satellite linkage antenna, a design method for improving accuracy and life of the driving mechanism was proposed based on the tandem assembly structure of stepper motor, harmonic reducer and encoder series and integrated shafting. The stress state and influencing factors of the pre-tightening shafting of the driving mechanism were analyzed in theory. The pre-tightening force, starting torque equivalent test and service life test for driving mechanism shafting were carried out, and the load characteristics of the designed driving mechanism were analyzed. The lock nut of the driving mechanism shafting was improved to optimize the force of driving mechanism shafting. To verify the correctness of the designed driving mechanism and its improved method, the precision test and life test under different thermal environments were carried out on the ground. Finally, it was verified that the driving mechanism for navigation satellite antenna could meet the requirements of on-orbit stable operation with high precision and long-life under special conditions. The analysis and the test of the pre-tightening force for mechanism shafting has significant engineering guiding significance.