抗过载长秒量延期电点火具结构设计与性能研究

为提高电点火具的抗过载能力，并满足长延期的要求，在研究提高电点火具抗过载的方法和影响延期药燃烧速度因素的基础上，设计了一种抗过载长秒量延期电点火具。采用复式结构壳体(内外双壳，内壳为铝、外壳为镍铜)来提高其抗过载能力，壳内涂虫胶漆。选用玻璃 金属封结电极塞来提高密封性。点火药为m（聚四氟乙烯）∶m（铝粉）∶m（镁粉）= 40∶30∶30的高能点火药。延期元件选用1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢材料管壳。延期药为钨系延期药，组分质量比为m(W)∶m(KClO₄):m(BaCrO₄)∶m(黏结剂)=33∶10∶55∶2。使用泡沫铝作为延期元件和壳体间的缓冲材料，厚度为1.5 mm。运用ANSYS软件，仿真验证了电点火具的抗过载能力，满足设计要求。采用堵、泄结合的方式进行防静电设计:在点火药和壳体之间设计环氧树脂绝缘环，厚度为1.5 mm；在电极塞中部设计0.2 mm宽的空气隙，提高使用安全性。通过对电点火具结构、药剂、材料等方面的优化，提升了电点火具的抗过载能力，满足了长秒量延期要求。

Structure Design and Performance Research of an Anti-Overload and Long-Second Delay Electric Igniter

In order to improve the anti-overload ability of the electric igniter, and to meet the requirements of long delay, an anti-overload and long-second delay electric igniter was designed by studying the anti-overload methods to improve the overload resistance of igniters and the factors affecting the burning rate of delay compositions. Double structure shell (inner and outer double shells) was adopted to improve its anti-overload capacity, and the inner surface of the shell was coated with shellac paint. Glass-metal seal electrode plug was selected to improve the sealing performance. High energy ignition powder with component mass ratio of m(polytetrafluoroethylene)∶m(aluminum powder)∶m(magnesium powder)=40∶30∶30 was used. The delay element was made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The component mass ratio of tungsten delay composition was m(W)∶m (KClO₄)∶m?(BaCrO₄)∶m (binder)=33∶10∶55∶2. Foam aluminum was used as the buffer material between the delay element and the shell, with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Using ANSYS software, the anti-overload capacity of electric igniter was verified to meet the design requirements by simulation. Anti-static design was carried out by combining blocking and discharging. The epoxy resin insulation ring with a thickness of 1.5 mm was used between the ignition powder and the shell, and an air gap with width of 0.2 mm was designed in the middle of the electrode plug to improve the use safety. Through the optimization of structure, agent and material of the electric igniter, the antioverload performance of the electric igniter has been improved, and it meets the requirements for long-second delay.