基于双基地声纳的港口航道水深实时监测系统

针对部分港口航道航程较长、宽度狭窄、水深受限、淤积严重等特点,研制了一套基于双基地声纳实现港口航道水深实时监测的实用化系统.该系统采用1对收发分置的高频、小波束开角换能器实现声信号的发射与接收,利用GPS同步技术实现声纳发射单元和接收单元的同步工作,采用单片机与FPGA相结合的电路设计方案实现对水声信号的延时采集与处理.声纳发射单元和声接收单元分别安装在航道的两侧,不影响航道船舶的正常航行.海上定深监测和变深监测实验结果表明该系统稳定可靠,实时性好,尤其对狭窄航道的水深实时监测具有很高的应用价值.

Real-time monitoring system of water depth based on bistatic sonar in harbor channel

Aiming at the characteristics of some harbor channels that are narrow, long and with limited water depth and heavy siltation, a practical system based on bistatic sonar is developed for realizing real-time monitoring of water depth. The system uses a pair of bistatic high-frequency narrow-beamwidth transducers to transmit and receive acoustic signals, and adopts GPS time synchronization technology to synchronize the transmitting and receiving units. A circuit design combining single-chip microcontroller with FPGA is employed to achieve the delay acquisition and processing of underwater acoustic signals. The transmitting and receiving units are installed on both sides of the channel and will not affect the normal sailing of ships. Sea trial results of fixed and varied depth monitoring demonstrate that the system is stable, reliable and has a good real-time performance, especially possesses a high application value for narrow channels.