琼榄果实油提取工艺优化及其脂肪酸成分分析

比较了索氏提取法、超声提取法、加速溶剂萃取法对南药琼榄果实油的提取率。通过正交实验优化了超声提取法的工艺条件,气质联用(GC-MS)法测定了3种方法所提油脂的脂肪酸的成分及相对质量分数。优化后的最佳工艺条件为:每1 g琼榄果实粉溶于9 mL石油醚中(即料液比为1∶9,下同),超声时间10 min,超声功率400W,超声温度70℃。在该条件下,得油率可达31.32%。GC-MS分析表明,3种方法提取的琼榄油中分别含有7、9、8种脂肪酸,其中相对质量分数最高的是13-十八碳烯酸(70.86%、68.71%、69.92%),其次是十六酸(棕榈酸)(17.58%、19.95%、18.73%),再次是十八碳二烯酸(5.12%、6.00%、5.96%)。不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量达80.61%、78.68%、79.88%。

Optimization of oil extraction from Gonocaryum lobbianum (Merr.) Kurz fruit and Analysis of its fatty acids

The extraction rates of oil from Gonocaryum lobbianum(Merr.) Kurz fruit by means of three different extraction methods,i.e.,saxhlet extraction,ultrasonic extraction,and accelerated solvent extraction,were compared.The optimum ultrasonic processing conditions were investigated by orthogonal experiments.The oil extracted by the three mentioned methods was analyzed respectively using GC-MS,and their composition and relative content of each fatty acid were identified.The optimum conditions for the extraction pr...