烷基烯丙基马来酸双酯的合成

利用正辛醇、十二醇、十四醇3个脂肪醇与马来酸酐、氯丙烯反应,合成了3个烯丙基型马来酸双酯。考察了溶剂和催化剂对双酯化反应产率的影响,通过正交实验优化了双酯的反应条件,得出了双酯化反应最优工艺条件:n(辛基马来酸单酯钠盐)∶n(氯丙烯)=1∶2.5,温度60℃,时间7 h,辛基烯丙基马来酸双酯的产率为76.8%;n(十二烷基马来酸单酯钠盐)∶n(氯丙烯)=1∶2,温度60℃,时间6 h,十二烷基烯丙基马来酸双酯的产率为92.1%;n(十四烷基马来酸单酯钠盐)∶n(氯丙烯)=1∶2,温度65℃,时间6 h,十四烷基烯丙基马来酸双酯的产率为78.5%。对合成中间体和目标双酯物用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱等进行了表征。

The Synthesis of Alkyl Allyl-type Maleate Diester

Three allyl-type maleate diesters have been synthesized,using three long-chain fatty alcohols(octanol,dodecanol,tetradecyl alcohol),maleic anhydride and allyl chloride as the main raw materials.By orthogonal factor experiments,the optimum reaction conditions were ascertained as follows:when double-esterification reaction,n(octyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester)∶n(allyl chloride)=1∶2.5,the temperature was 60 ℃,and the time was 7 h,the yield of octyl-allyl maleate diesters was about 76.8%;when n(dodecyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester)∶n(allyl chloride)=1∶2,the temperature was 60 ℃,and the time was 6 h,the yield of dodecyl-allyl maleate diesters was about 92.1%;when n(tetradecyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester)∶n(allyl chloride)=1∶2,the temperature was 65 ℃,and the time was 6 h,the yield of tetradecyl-allyl maleate diesters was about 75.8%.The products of each step and the target products were characterized by means of IR and 1HNMR.