双分散反相悬浮聚合制备吸水微球方法及装置

针对反相悬浮聚合存在热力学不稳定、分散剂难于清洗及难以实现工业化生产的缺点,基于落球法测黏度原理,建立了先后采用机械搅拌分散和自然沉降分散的反相悬浮聚合制备微球的方法,并设计了制备装置。该方法依靠搅拌速度及水相与油相体积比确定球径,然后在不采用分散剂的条件下,利用自然动力使微球边沉降边反应,有效避免微球粘连结块;制备装置结构简单,可实现连续生产,反应釜体高度需大于2 m以保证足够的反应时间,釜体材质为非极性材料以防止微球吸附釜壁。聚丙烯酰胺微球制备实验表明,制备工艺易于操作,微球不存在粘连,分散介质可重复使用,且无污染,便于工业化生产。

Preparation of water-absorbing microspheres by double dispersion inverse suspension polymerization and self-designed equipment

In view of thermodynamic instability of inverse suspension polymerization,and the difficulty to clean dispersant adsorbed on the microsphere surface,the double dispersion inverse suspension polymerization method,in which mechanical stirring was used first and then natural sedimentation facilitated second dispersion,was established,and a preparation equipment was designed based on the theory of measuring viscosity coefficient by a falling sphere.The sphere diameter was determined from stirring speed and ratio of water phase volume and oil phase volume.Microspheres would polymerize when settling by gravity,and microsphere adhesion agglomeration could be avoided without adding dispersant. The preparation equipment with simple structure,easy processing could realize continuous production.The reactor height should be more than 2 m to provide microsphere sedimentation with a sufficient distance and ensure reaction time.The reactor was made of non-polar material to prevent microsphere from adsorbing on the inner wall.Polyacrylamide microspheres experiments showed that this preparation method with simple operation,absence of microsphere adhesion,repeated use of dispersion medium,low production cost,harmlessness and non pollution was convenient for industrial production.