超临界CO2萃取鸡骨柴精油正交试验及GC/MS分析

应用超临界CO₂萃取技术研究了鸡骨柴精油的萃取工艺，最佳萃取条件为压力15 MPa、温度45 ℃、萃取时间1.5 h、CO₂流量5 mL•min^-1，在此工艺条件下超临界CO₂萃取法得到的鸡骨柴精油收率为2.87%。利用气相色谱-质谱联用法对鸡骨柴萃取物的化学组成进行分析, 用归一化法测定其相对百分含量，共分离出44种成分，鉴定了其中的38种成分, 占出峰物质总量的96.46%，主要成分为对聚伞花素（19.34%）、顺式-石竹烯（18.23%）、β-蒎烯（7.10%）、香荆芥酚（5.63%）、百里香酚（6.48%）、3-辛酮（5.26%）等。并且在鸡骨柴精油中鉴定出十五烷醇乙酸酯（0.86%），乙酸十二烷基酯（0.29%），9,12-亚油酸甲酯（1.58%），9-十八烯酸甲酯（0.84%），9-十八碳烯酸（0.92%）等成分。

Supercritical CO2Fluid Extraction of Elsholtzia Fruticosa and GC/MS Analysis

Essential oils were extracted from Elsholtzia fruticosa with supercritical CO₂ flurd extraction. The results of experiments indicate that the optimum extraction of pressure, temperature, extraction time and CO₂ fluid are 15 MPa, 45 ℃, 1.5 h, 5 mL•min^-1, respectively，and the yield of SFE CO₂ extracts is 2.87%. The chemical constituents of extracts of Elsholtzia fruticosa were determined by GC/MS. The relative contents of constitutes were determined by area normalizing method. 38 constituents are identified from 44 separated peaks, amounting to total mass fraction 96.46%. The main compounds are p-cymene(19.34%), cis-caryophyll-ene (18.23%)，β-pinene（7.10%）， carvacrol (5.63%), thymol(6.48%)， 3-octanone (5.26%), etc. Acetic acid dodecyl ester（0.29%）, 2-octene-1-ol（0.69%），pentadecanol acetate（0.86%）, hexadecanoic acid（0.70%）, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester（1.58%）， 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester（0.84%），9-octadecenoic acid（0.92%） are determined in essential oils of Elsholtzia fruticosa.