T-49型丙烯齐聚和苯-丙烯烃化固体磷酸催化剂及工业应用

本文介绍新型固体磷酸催化剂(SPAC)T-49型及其丙烯齐聚、苯-丙烯烃化工艺技术，包括催化剂制备过程、技术特点、齐聚原料要求和应用效果、工业装置概况及工业应用效果。T-49型催化剂由一系列聚磷酸硅和磷酸硼组成，影响其性能的关键因素是原料聚磷酸浓度、元素比和焙烧条件，制备中调节聚磷酸及其盐的聚合度分布，可使T-49型催化剂具有适宜的P₂O₅／Ｈ₂O。在工业反应器运转中根据反应产物的酸度S_d，按照专门开发的S_d等值线图的规定值，调节反应器进料含水量，实现了对反应器内催化剂活性和水解速率的调节和控制，使催化剂有合适的活性和较低的床层压降上升速度。T-49型催化剂在兰州炼油化工总厂工业齐聚和苯-丙烯烃化装置成功地应用，并取得预期的效果。

Development and application of T-49 solid phosphoric acid catalyst for propylene oligomerization and benzene alkylation

This article describes development and application of T-49 solid phosoric acid catalyst for propylene oligomerization and benzene-propylene alkylation,including catalyst preparation,technical features,requirement on oligomerization feedstock and performance of the catalyst and technology.The catalyst is composed of silicon polyphosphates and boron polyphosphate that have continuous distribution of hydrolysis velocity.Key factors that influence on performance of the catalyst are polyphosphoric acid,elemental ratio and calcing condition.Appropriate P₂O₅/H₂O ratio in the catalyst could be obtained through adjustment of polymerization degree distribution of polyphosphoric acid and polyphosphates during preparation.During running of industrial reactor,adjustment and control of catalyst activity and hydrolysis velocity can be achieved through adjustment of water content in feedstocks according to acidity of reaction products and by the values given by a specially developed isopleth figure for acidity of reaction products,so that the catalyst exhibits appropriate activity and rather low rise speed of pressure drop through the bed.T 49 catalyst has been successfully put into use in an industrial benzene propylene oligomerization plant at Lanzhou Petroleum Processing & Chemical Complex with satisfactory result.