高密度城市气候评估方法与应用

高密度城市和建筑群可对气候产 生重要影响，例如热岛效应、空气污染和暴 雨等。科学准确地评估城市对气候的影响并 据此提出规划改善对策已成为建设生态城市 和宜居环境必不可少的重要内容。本文对可 用于城市气候评估的模型进行了归纳总结， 发现以CFD耦合模型和WRF为代表的中尺 度气象模型具有优势，前者更适合建筑、城 市设计和详规尺度；后者更适合城市总规尺 度；利用GIS平台将气候评估结果与城市信 息数据库进行叠加分析或者绘制城市气候图 可以更好地对接规划实践需求。

High-density Urban Climate Evaluation Method and Application

Buildings in high density cities hinder wind and cause urban heat island effect, air pollution and rainstorm. Scientifically and accurately evaluating the inf luence of cities on wind and proposing improvement countermeasures have been a necessary part of building the ecological cities and livable environment. The article summarizes wind evaluation models, finding that CFD and WRF coupling models have advantages, and the former is more suitable for urban design and detailed planning scale, the latter is more suitable for master planning scale; and that integrating wind evaluation results with urban information databases by GIS platform can provide better guideline for urban planning practice.