3-氯-2-羟丙基二甲基苄基氯化铵的合成研究

以N,N-二甲基苄胺(DMBA)为原料,在稀盐酸中合成了DMBA盐酸盐;通过DMBA盐酸盐与环氧氯丙烷(表氯醇)反应合成了3-氯-2-羟丙基二甲基苄基氯化铵(CHPDMBA);用连续减压水蒸汽汽提和乙酸乙酯重结晶法对产品进行了分离纯化,元素分析、熔点测定、FT IR及1HNMR方法对产物进行了表征,电位滴定法分析了产品含量。结果表明连续减压水蒸汽汽提和乙酸乙酯重结晶可有效去除产品中残留的环氧氯丙烷和DMBA及副产物二氯丙醇,产品中CHPDMBA的含量在99%以上:CHPDMBA适宜的合成条件为:甲醇-水作反应介质且V甲醇/V水为1.0,反应温度60℃,反应时间7.5 h,DMBA/表氯醇的摩尔比为0.95,在此条件下CHPDMBA的收率可达83%以上。

Study on the Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Dimethylbenzylammonium Chloride

Dimethylbenzylammonium hydrochloride was prepared in dilute hydrochloride aqueous solution with N,N-dimethylbenzylammonium(DMBA) as starting material.Then the 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride(CHPDMBA) was synthesized through reacting dimethylbenzylammonium hydrochloride with epichlorohydrin.The product was purified through continuous steam vacuum distillation and recrystallized,and it was characterized by elemental analysis,melt point determination,FT IR and()~1H NMR.The content of CHPDMBA in the product was determined through potentiometric titration.The experimental results indicated the residual epichlorohydrin,DMBA and dichloropropanol,a by-product,could be removed effectively through continuous steam vacuum distillation and recrystallization with ethyl acetate as solvent.The suitable conditions for the synthesis of CHPDMBA were as follows:methanol-H_2O was used as reaction medium and V_(CH_3OH)/V_(H_2O) was 1.0,reaction temperature was 60 ℃,reaction time was 7.5 h and the mass ratio of DMBA to epichlorohydrin was 0.95.The yield of CHPDMBA could be above 83% under these conditions.