Karyotyping of barley chromosomes by a new fluorescence banding technique combined with scanning probe microscopy |
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Authors: | Sugiyama Shigeru Yoshino Tomoyuki Hirose Tamaki Ohtani Toshio |
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Affiliation: | Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. ssugi@affrc.go.jp |
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Abstract: | Fluorescence banding has been used to classify chromosomes, except those of barley. Four of the seven barley chromosomes are indistinguishable by length or arm ratio. C-banding has been used for classification; however, it requires a long aging period. Here, we describe a new fluorescence banding method for barley. The chromosomes are treated with warm acetate followed by staining with a fluorescent dye, YOYO-1. Using this method, all seven barley chromosomes can be clearly distinguished. Atomic force microscopy and scanning near-field microscopy analyses revealed that the surfaces of the banded chromosomes were flat, indicating that the fluorescence intensity reflected the internal DNA density or condensation of chromatin. |
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Keywords: | barley chromosomes fluorescence banding C‐banding atomic force microscopy (AFM) scanning near‐field optical microscope (SNOM) |
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