Anthropogenic emissions of NOX, NH3 and N2O in India

Emissions of NO_x, NH₃ and N₂O from anthropogenic activities in India have been estimated based on actual field measurements as well as available default methodologies. The NO_x emissions are mainly from the transport sector and contribute about 5% of the global NO_x emission from fossil fuel. NH₃ emissions from urea seems to be highly uncertain. However, emissions of NH₃ from fertilizers and livestock are estimated to be 1175 Gg and 1433 Gg, respectively. N₂O emissions seem to be derived predominantly from fertilizer applications, resulting in the release of 199–279 Gg N₂O. Other sources of N₂O, viz. agricultural residue burning, biomass burning for energy and nitric acid production are estimated to be 3, 35–187 and 2–7 Gg, respectively.