沥青中潜在的有害组分环境污染研究综述

沥青中含有多环芳烃、酰胺、醌、酯和苯酚等环境优先控制物,使得沥青对环境具有潜在的危害性.国内外主要针对沥青烟、沥青中多环芳烃和重金属对水体和土壤的污染进行了相关研究,结果表明沥青烟中有害物质主要是多环芳烃,且沥青烟对人体皮肤、粘膜均有刺激作用;沥青中多环芳烃在水中可以浸出,浸出量低于地下水限制指标,但高于饮用水限定指标;沥青路边的土壤存在多环芳烃污染现象,且沥青是其中一个污染源;沥青本身含有的重金属不会对水体和土壤造成污染,引起污染的重金属主要来自汽车尾气、刹车联动装置和轮胎磨耗等.在分析国内外研究的基础上,给出了改善和缓解沥青污染的研究方向.

Present Research Situation of Potential Harmful Compounds in Asphalt to Environment

Some environmental priority control compounds such as PAHs,acidamide,quinone,ester and phenol exist in asphalt,which make asphalt has the potential pollution to environment.Research of home and abroad are aimed at the pollutin of asphalt fume,PAHs and heavy metal to water and soil,the results showed that PAHs are the major components of asphalt fume,and asphalt fume have stimulating effect on human skin and mucous membrane and can cause a range of diseases;The PAHs can leach out from asphalt and the equilib...