YAG/MAG激光电弧复合焊工艺研究

利用YAG激光焊头和MAG焊枪旁轴复合进行了1Cr18Ni9Ti不镑钢的激光电弧复合焊工艺研究。研究表明：影响复合焊过程的主要工艺参数有激光功率、焊接速度、焊接电流、电弧电压、激光焦点位1、两热源的间距和相对于焊接方向的排列方式等；在一定的焊接工艺条件下所研究的YAG／MAG复合焊具有协同效应。电弧参数测试也表明，当激光与电弧复合的协同效应存在时，复合焊电流高于电弧焊，而电弧电压降低；若电弧采用过大的焊接电流与激光复合，尤其是在较低的焊接速度时，复合焊过程体现不出协同效应．复合焊熔深反而低于激光焊熔深。复合焊激光焦点位置变化对电弧稳定性和熔宽影响小，但获得最大熔深的焦点位王不同于激光焊。激光前置焊比激光后置焊获得的熔深大，两种条件下均在两热源闻距为0.5mm时熔深最大。

Research on YAG laser/MAG arc hybrid welding

YAG laser/MAG arc hybrid welding of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel was investigated in this paper. It shows that the hybrid welding, which a YAG laser hybrids with MAG arc characterized by short circuiting transfer, will present the synergistic action using proper welding parameters. The hybrid weld depth is larger than total depths of laser welding and arc welding-and is 2 times more than laser welding depth. It also shows that hybrid weld width is similar to arc weld width. Corresponding to this synergistic effect, hybrid welding current is higher than arc welding current and hybrid welding voltage is lower than arc voltage. When the arc welding current is overlarge or the welding speed is overlow, the synergistic effect of hybrid welding doesn' t occur, and hybrid weld depth is smaller than the laser weld depth. Using suitable laser power and welding current the hybrid arc stability as well as weld width vary little with defocus distance of laser beam, but the defocus distance that can produce the largest weld depth is different to that of laser welding. And laser leading can produce higher weld depth than laser trailing during hybrid welding. When the distance between laser act point and arc act point is 0.5 mm, hybrid welding of both laser leading and laser trailing can obtain the highest weld depth.