采用有限元和粒子群算法优化特高压复合绝缘子均压环结构

交流1 000kV同塔单回输电线路中采用的是V串和I串复合绝缘子,其分裂导线、连接金具和均压环等结构较为复杂,电场强度较高,易发生电晕,因此需对均压环结构进行优化研究。运用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立3维模型进行电场计算,同时采用ANSYS参数化编程语言(ANSYS parametric design language,APDL)实现了粒子群(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法。对因模型结构复杂导致的计算量增加问题,运用ANSYS中的Submodeling技术有效减少了计算量,且能达到较高精度。研究结果表明:V串均压环的最大场强比I串约高出13.9%,V串绝缘子沿面最大场强比I串高出约29.2%,且结合有限元法(finite element method,FEM)与PSO算法,在ANSYS计算环境下能较好实现V串和I串复合绝缘子均压环结构的多参数优化。研究成果可使均压环和绝缘子沿面最大场强满足控制要求,挂网运行后未出现电晕。此方法能较好解决大场域、多介质复杂模型的结构优化问题,对粒子群智能算法在绝缘结构优化设计领域的研究具有参考价值。

Structural Optimization of Grading Ring for Ultra High Voltage Composite Insulator by Combining Finite Element Method and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Due to complex structure and high voltage level,the V-and I-type composite insulators used in AC 1 000 kV single-circuit tangent power transmission tower are much easier to produce serious corona.Consequently,we established a three-dimensional model for these composite insulators and calculated the electric field by software ANSYS.Moreover,we adopted the ANSYS parametric design language(APDL) to realize a particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm.Meanwhile,we used submodeling technique to solve such huge computation problem due to complexity of used mode,which could effectively reduce calculation amount without lose of accuracy.The results show that,maximum electric field strength of corona ring used in V type insulator and on insulator surface is about 13.9% and 29.2% higher than that of I type respectively,and the method combining finite element method(FEM) and PSO algorithm is quite suitable for such grading rings structure multi-parameter optimization problem.Finally,the maximum electric field located on surface of ring and insulator shed can meet the requirements of electric control value,and no corona discharge can be observed when grading rings are used in actual project.The proposed method can solve structure optimization problem for large field domain and multi-media complex model.