Solvation of protons and the strength of superacids |
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Authors: | Kazansky VB |
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Affiliation: | (1) Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow, 117913, Russia |
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Abstract: | Analysis of literature indicates that the strength of superacids is mainly determined by unusual chemical properties of weakly
solvated protons while the extent of dissociation of superacids is rather low and is less important. A higher chemical activity
of protons in very concentrated acids and in such water-free superacids as liquid HF or 100% H2SO4 results from a weaker solvation of these species with the molecules of superacids which are less basic than water. In contrast,
solvation by superacids of the negatively charged anions is stronger than in water solutions. These conclusions are illustrated
by the ab initio quantum chemical calculations performed for self-dissociation of anhydrous liquid hydrofluoric acid.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | strength of superacids solvation of protons and anions |
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