Development Status of Liquid Systems for Stopping Nuclear Reactors

A classification scheme based on the most important indicators, including structural, is proposed for liquid systems for stopping a reactor. The development status of liquid stopping systems (systems which have been built and which are now being designed) for different types of reactors in our country and abroad is presented. The basic parameters and structural features of the systems are presented. Recent directions in the development of liquid stopping systems are noted: reliability of actuation, passive insertion of the absorber, simplification of the construction, integration of the emergency cooling and emergency absorber insertion systems, improvement of mixing, and prevention of the absorber from entering the reactor.The main directions of experimental research on liquid systems and the experimental results on propagation (mixing) of the liquid absorber introduced into the reactor volume and the circulation loop are presented.