反向调试技术研究综述

在软件的开发测试部署过程中,调试工作耗费了开发人员非常多的精力和时间,有时一个很难被发现的错误会导致多次重启调试。反向调试是软件调试的一种技术,无需重启即可向后查看运行的指令及状态,这能够大大提高软件调试的速度,降低软件开发的难度,有效修复程序运行时发生的错误。该技术的核心问题是运行状态的恢复,目前针对该问题的解决方法主要有状态保存和状态重构。文中主要从反向调试的原理、学术研究、产品实现、技术应用等方面梳理其发展情况,对该技术进行分析研究,总结了基于时间和基于指令的状态保存反向调试技术以及两种反向执行重构状态的方法,并提出了有关记录重放程序执行、定位分析软件错误、反向数据流恢复这3方面的应用,可为反向调试技术的研究应用提供一定的参考。

Summary on Reverse Debugging Technology

In the process of software development and test deployment,debugging consumes a lot of developers’energy and time.Sometimes,in order to find a critical bug,debugging needs to restart many times.Reverse debugging is a technology of software debugging.It can check running instructions and status backward without restarting,which can greatly improve the speed of software debugging,reduce the difficulty of software development,and effectively repair the errors during the running of the program.The core issue of this technology is the recovery of running state.At present,current solutions are state preservation and state reconstruction.This paper mainly reviews the development of reverse debugging from the aspects of principle,academic research,products implementation and technical application.It focuses on the time-based and instruction-based state preservation and two methods of reverse execution reconstruction states.It summarizes 3 specific applications of record replay program execution,location analysis software error,reverse data flow recovery,which provides a reference for the research and application of reverse debugging technology.