静压作用下两种敏化方式的乳化炸药微观结构变化

为探究乳化炸药在静压下的微观变化，实时观察乳化炸药在不同压力下的动态变化过程，使用了生物显微镜和爆炸球罐对空气静压加载下的乳化炸药进行微观研究。对亚硝酸钠(化学)敏化和玻璃微球(物理)敏化的乳化炸药进行实时加压观察，并对加压前、后两种炸药的复原性进行了研究。结果表明,两种敏化载体在静压加载下有不同的变化形式:化学敏化气泡可承受压力较小，在0~0.3 MPa之间，气泡受压发生收缩和融合，在0.3 MPa下90%以上的气泡均形成无效热点，卸压复原后的乳化炸药中气泡粒径在20~30 μm的数量达到68.7%，与初始炸药形态相比，粒径更加均匀，但爆炸性能并无明显变化；物理敏化微球在加压过程中会产生不可逆的破裂，并且破裂产生的碎屑会导致周围小范围的乳化基质破乳。

Microstructure Changes of Emulsion Explosives with Two Sensitization Methods under Static Pressure

In order to explore the microscopic changes of emulsion explosives under static pressure and observe the dynamic change process of emulsion explosives under different pressures in real time, a biological microscope and an explosive spherical tank were used to conduct microscopic studies on emulsion explosives under static air pressure. The sodium nitrite (chemical) sensitized and glass microsphere (physical) sensitized emulsion explosives were pressurized and observed. The recoverability of two kinds of explosives before and after pressurization was also studied. Results show that the two sensitized carriers have different change forms under static pressure loading. Chemically sensitized bubbles can withstand a small pressure. Between 0-0.3 MPa, the bubbles shrink and fuse under pressure; and below 0.3 MPa, more than 90% of bubbles form invalid hot spots. In the emulsion explosive after decompression and recovery, the number of bubbles with particle size of 20-30 μm account for 68.7%, which is more uniform than the initial explosive form. However, there is no obvious change in explosion performance. Microspheres in physical sensitization will produce irreversible rupture during pressurization, and the debris produced by the rupture will lead to the demulsification of a small range of surrounding emulsified matrix.