汽车安全气囊用电点火药电感度研究

用电点火管的0.01%发火电流I_0.01%和99.99%发火电流I_99.99%表征汽车安全气囊用电点火药的电感度。研究了共沉淀物中苦味酸钾（KP）与高氯酸钾(KClO₄）质量比对电点火管1.2 A、2 ms和0.4 A、10 s发火性能的影响。实验结果表明，KP与KClO₄质量比为4.0∶6.0的共沉淀物，满足美国汽车行业USCAR—28标准规定的电点火管的功能指标。筛选了氟橡胶为电点火药的黏合剂，石墨为电点火药的惰性添加剂，并通过升降法测试了优化配方的电感度,I_0.01%=0.458 A、I_99.99%=0.851 A，满足电点火管的安全性和可靠性指标。共沉淀物中KP与KClO₄质量比为4.0∶6.0,外加质量分数3%的氟橡胶和适量石墨,可制备一种能满足汽车安全气囊用电点火管安全性和可靠性要求的电点火药。

Study on Inductance Degree of Electric Ignition Powder in Automobile Airbag

The inductance of electric ignition powder for automobile airbag was indicated by 0.01% ignition current I_0.01% and 99.99% ignition current I_99.99% of electric ignition tube. The effect of the mass ratio of potassium picrate (KP) to potassium perchlorate (KClO₄) in coprecipitation on the ignition performance of electric ignition tube at 1.2 A, 2 ms and 0.4 A, 10 s was studied. The results show that mass ratio of KP to KClO₄ in the coprecipitation is 4.0∶6.0, which meets the functional index of electric ignition tube specified in USCAR—28 standard of automobile industry in American. Fluororubber was selected as the binder of electric ignition powder and graphite as the inert additive of electric ignition powder. Inductance degree of the optimized formula was tested by lifting method, indicating I_0.01%= 0.458 A and I_99.99%= 0.851 A, which meets the safety and reliability indexes of electric ignition tube. When the mass ratio of KP to KClO₄ in the coprecipitation is 4.0∶6.0, add 3% (mass fraction) fluororubber and an appropriate amount of graphite, and it is an electric ignition powder that meets the safety and reliable performance of the electric ignition tube in automobile airbag.