乳化炸药和膨化硝铵炸药的爆炸性能特征比较

以规格φ32 mm/200 g的1^#岩石乳化炸药、2^#岩石乳化炸药、一级煤矿许用乳化炸药、二级煤矿许用乳化炸药、三级煤矿许用乳化炸药及规格φ32 mm/150 g的岩石膨化硝铵炸药、一级煤矿许用膨化硝铵炸药、二级煤矿许用膨化硝铵炸药共8种工业炸药药卷为样本，测试了乳化炸药及膨化硝铵炸药的爆炸性能(药卷密度、爆速、猛度、作功能力、有毒气体产量)。分析比较了两类工业炸药爆炸性能及爆炸后有毒气体产量差异的原因,总结了两类工业炸药的性能特征。为产品配方的优化及进一步改良提供一定的参考依据。同时，为爆破作业人员根据工程特性和环境特点选择合适的炸药提供借鉴。

Comparison of Explosion Performance Characteristics between Emulsion Explosives and Expanded Ammonium Nitrate Explosives

Emulsion explosives of φ32 mm/200 g, including 1^# rock emulsion explosive, 2^# rock emulsion explosives, No.1 permission emulsion explosive in coal mine, No.2 permission emulsion explosive in coal mine, and No.3 permission emulsion explosive in coal mine, and expanded ammonium nitrate explosives of φ32 mm/150 g, including rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive, No. 1 permission expanded ammonium nitrate explosives in coal mine, and No. 2 permission expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in coal mine were studied. For these eight explosives, explosion characteristics such as charge density, detonation velocity, strength, brisance, the toxic gas output were tested. The reasons for the differences in explosion performance and toxic gas output between emulsion explosives and expanded ammonium nitrate explosives were analyzed and compared. The performance characteristics of the two types of industrial explosives were summarized. It provides a certain reference basis for the optimization and further improvement of product formula of industrial explosives. And it also provides a reference for blasting operators to select appropriate explosives according to engineering characteristics and environmental characteristics.