Influence of crosslinking on the characteristics of thermally expandable microspheres expanding at high temperature |
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| Authors: | Magnus Jonsson Ove Nordin Anna Larsson Kron Eva Malmström |
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| Affiliation: | 1. KTH Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, TR 56‐58, SE‐100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;2. Eka Chemicals AB, Box 13000, SE‐850 13 Sundsvall, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Free‐radical suspension polymerization was used to synthesize thermally expandable microspheres (TEMS); in this process, a poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐methacrylonitrile) shell encapsulated isooctane. Different amounts of dimethacrylate, diacrylate, or divinyl ether functional crosslinker were added to investigate the effects on the crosslinking density of the polymer and the expansion properties of the TEMS. The optimum amount of crosslinker was found to be approximately 0.05–0.1 mol %. However, a significantly better expansion could be obtained with 1,4‐butanediol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker, compared to 1,4‐butanediol divinyl ether or 1,4‐butanediol diacrylate. From monitoring the conversion of monofunctional analogues by gas chromatography, we suggest that the differences in expansion obtained with different crosslinkers, originated from the difference in the reactivity of the radicals in the system toward the vinyl functionalities of the crosslinkers. This regulated the incorporation of the crosslinker into the polymer and, thereby, the mechanical properties of the microsphere shell. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 |
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| Keywords: | blowing agents core– shell polymers crosslinking radical polymerization |
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