基于静止气象卫星数据的地表温度遥感估算

基于分裂窗算法和地表温度日周期变化模型,探讨了利用多时相热红外遥感数据反演地表温度的方法。首先,利用分裂窗算法及地表温度日周期变化形式,推导了多时相遥感数据反演地表温度的方法。其次,利用辐射传输模型(MODTRAN),以2006年夏季在禹城观测的3 d地表温度、气温及大气水汽数据做为输入参数、变化观测角及比辐射率,模拟了一日多个时刻与风云二号(F-2D)波谱响应函数一致的亮温数据,基于此,模拟数据库对所提算法进行了检验。最后,利用2010年9月30日FY-2D多时相热红外数据对新疆区域地表温度进行了反演,并与相应时刻的MODIS地表温度产品进行了比较。结果表明：利用模拟遥感数据反演地表温度,模拟值与估算值的相关系数达0.9,均方根误差在1.5 K以内;利用在轨FY-2D热红外数据反演得到的地表温度与MODIS温度产品趋势基本一致,两者的相关性达到了0.5,均方根误差为4.4 K。需要说明的是,此方法仅满足于晴朗无云的条件。

Estimation of Land Surface Temperature Using Geostationary Meteorological Satellite Data

Land Surface Temperature(LST) is required for a variety of climatic,hydrologic,ecological and biogeochemical studies.With the launch of more and more high temporal resolution of geostationary metrological satellites,it is urgent to estimate LST data from these satellites.In order to meet this demand,this study aims to estimate LST based on diurnal evolution cycle of LST and split-window method.First,according to the split-window algorithm and diurnal temperature cycle model,the method of inversing LST is induced;then,the new method was validated by a diurnal brightness temperatures datasets corresponding to FY-2D,which was simulated by MODTRAN model with several input parameters under clear sky,including near surface air temperature,atmospheric water,surface temperature and emissivity,and viewing angles;Last,LST in XinJiang region are estimated using the proposed method with FY-2D data collected on september,30,2010,and are compared with the products from MODIS.The results show that RMSE of LST using proposed method reach 1.5 K based on simulated data;the trends of LST from FY-2D and MODIS are similar and the correlation coefficients reach 0.5 with the RMSE of 4.4 K.However the method is tested only in west-north region that is drier and the change of diurnal atmospheric water is less.Furthermore,the method is only fitted with the less cloudy or no cloudy condition.