新型电力系统下电力用户的需求响应潜力评估

需求响应(Demand Response, DR)是在用户进行电力消费环节，通过价格信号或激励措施使得用户改变用电模式，对推动电力市场化改革、减少电网供电压力意义重大。文章分析总结了新型电力系统下需求响应的特点，在此基础上从用户负荷、用户参与意愿度、智能化水平和经济性4个维度构建了DR潜力评估指标体系；利用层次分析法和CRITIC法来确定各指标的主观权重和客观权重，求取组合权重；建立改进物元可拓模型，并应用所建立指标体系和评估模型对实际调研的10个用户响应潜力进行评估排名，证明了所提方法的科学性与有效性。采用简化后的模型对96个用户进行潜力评估，并比较在不同补贴激励下的潜力大小。结果表明，对于价格敏感性用户，补贴激励越高，用户的响应潜力越大。

Evaluation of demand response potential of power users in new power system

Demand Response (DR) is to make users change their electricity consumption mode through price signal or incentive measures in the electricity consumption link, which is of great significance in promoting the power market reform and reducing the power supply pressure of the grid. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of demand response under the new power system, the DR potential evaluation index system is constructed from four aspects of user load, user willingness to participate, intelligent level and economy; Secondly, AHP and CRITIC are used to determine the subjective weight and objective weight of each index, and the combined weight is calculated. Then, an improved matter-element extension model is established to evaluate the DR potential of each user. The established index system and evaluation model are used to evaluate and rank the DR potential of 10 users, which proves the scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the simplified model is used to evaluate the potential of 96 users and compare the potential under different subsidy incentives.The results show that for price sensitive users, the higher the subsidy incentive, the greater the response potential of users.