基于流水线模式的河系径流预报并发计算研究

在河系径流预报计算中,一方面受单站水文过程计算复杂性影响,另一方面下游站点依赖上游关联节点,现有洪水预报系统在河系预报计算时多采用串联模式进行计算。这在河流系预报节点较多、模型方法略为复杂时,计算效率较低。为突破河系径流预报计算效率瓶颈,本研究引入流水线并行模式,对河系径流预报站点初始化、单元产汇流计算、河道洪水演算、校正分析等模块进行拆解,构建流水线式工作站,将径流预报站点按水力联系连续入站,实现河系节点集径流过程的平行并发计算。选取淮河正阳关以上流域50余断面进行了模拟试验,结果表明：研究构建的并发计算方法计算结果可靠,较串行结构效率提升超3倍,可满足洪水预报实时性要求、尤其适用于B/S模式对系统响应效率的需求。

Research on concurrent computing of river runoff forecast based on pipeline model

In the river system runoff forecasting, in one hand it affected by the complexity of watershed hydrological process calculation, and on the other hand, downstream stations rely on upstream related nodes. Existing flood forecast systems mostly use the cascade mode in the calculation process. This is often time-consuming when there are many prediction nodes and the model method is slightly complicated. In order to break through the bottleneck of river runoff forecasting efficiency, this study introduces the idea of pipeline operation, and tear down river system runoff simulation into station unit initialization, unit runoff, river flood calculation, real-time correction, and then builds a pipeline workstation, which continuous inbound with the runoff forecast station according to hydraulic connection, and then realize parallel concurrent calculation of the station collection in river runoff system. An example application is selected for the watersheds above Zhengyangguan of the Huaihe River system. The application results show that the proposed concurrent calculation method effectively improves the calculation efficiency of the runoff forecast of the river system and can meet the application efficiency requirements of the flood forecasting system under the BS model. It applied into Zhengyangguan basin which in the up-midstream of Huaihe River and has more than 50 runoff sections. The results show that the concurrent computation method results are reliable, and the efficiency improved more than 3 times compared with the serial structure. It can meet the real-time efficiency of flood forecasting, and is especially suitable for B/S mode system.