Compensating unflattened WDM chips spectra using dynamic backward-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers technology

Fiber Raman amplifiers (FRAs) with multiple pumps are proposed to realize dynamic gain equalization for a spectral chips signal with a non-flattened broadband light source (BLS) in a spectrum-sliced wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) network. In FRAs with multiple pumps, the gain profile can be adjusted via appropriate specification of the relative position of the pump wavelengths and the power of the pump waves. This paper combines a pump-power control algorithm and a genetic algorithm (GA) to establish the optimal pump spectrum for any specified gain spectrum in the WDM system. The method flattens the power spectra of WDM chips by identifying the optimal pump wavelengths and pump power of backward-pumped FRAs. It avoids the conventional requirement for time-consuming trial-and-error adjustments or intensive numerical simulations. Simulation results show that the scheme is simple, effective, and applicable for various BLSs in a spectrum-sliced WDM transmitter.