改性凹凸棒粘土悬浮稳定性的研究

本文以甘肃临泽所产凹凸棒粘土为原料，对其分别进行了热、酸、盐和有机改性处理，采用重力沉降法研究了各种改性方式对凹凸棒粘土在饱和盐水中悬浮稳定性能的影响。结果表明：热处理不利于其悬浮性能的改善；2mol／L盐酸处理凹凸棒粘土的悬浮性能明显优于原土和其它浓度酸处理土；2mol／L盐酸处理的凹凸棒粘土经不同盐改性后，ZnCl^2改性样品的悬浮性能最好；经表面活性剂改性的凹凸棒粘土的悬浮性能要优于原土和其它方式改性土。在所有改性样品的悬浮实验中，悬浮液的初始pH值和上清液的最终pH值之间普遍差异较小，表明改性凹凸棒粘土与饱和盐水在较短的时间即可达到作用平衡。

STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF SUSPEND STABILITY OF MODIFIED PALYGORSKITE CLAYS

In this paper, palygorskite clay from Linze, Gansu province was selected and modified with different methods such as heat-, acid-, salt- and organic treatments. A gravitational depositional experiment was established to study the effects of these modified methods on properties of suspend stability of palygorskite clay in saturated NaCl solution. The results show that heat-treatment is not benefit for the improvement of suspend property of palygorskite clay. The palygorskite clay modified with 2mol/L HCl has better suspend property than natural and others acid-treated samples. The suspend property of acid-treated palygorskite clay modified with ZnCl2 was best in all salt-modified samples. The palygorskite clays modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide possessed better suspend properties than natural and others modified samples. In suspension experiments of all modified samples, the difference between initial pH of suspension and final pH of supernatant was small extensively. It indicates that the interaction of modified palygorskite clay and saturated NaCl solution reach a relative equilibrium in a short time.