燃气轮机透平叶片国产化需解决的关键技术问题

透平叶片是重型燃气轮机的核心部件,实现透平叶片的国产化有着巨大的社会效益和经济效益。但由于历史原因,我国尚未掌握透平叶片的设计和制造技术。本文探讨了透平叶片国产化过程中所需解决的若干关键技术问题,涉及到逆向工程设计,包括:高温合金及涂层等基础材料;气动、传热、结构、强度等多学科交叉分析和优化;精密铸造、特种加工、涂层制备等多种精密加工工艺。研究表明,要实现透平叶片的国产化,需要通过严谨的逆向工程设计才能降低国产化过程中的技术风险,更需要国内在材料—设计—制造—试验等各个环节的企事业单位和科研院所共同合作。

The Key Technology to be Solved in the Localization of Heavy-Duty Gas Turbine Blade

Turbine blade is the core component of heavy duty gas turbine, and the localization of turbine blade has enormous social and economic benefits. However, due to historical reasons, China has not yet mastered the design and manufacture technology of turbine blade. This study discussed the key technology needed to be solved in the localization of turbine blade, including: superalloy and coating;aerodynamic, heat transfer, structure, strength and other multidisciplinary analysis and optimization;precision casting, special machining, coating preparation and other precision machining processes.It is shown that, in order to realize the localization of turbine blade, a rigorous reverse engineering should be carried out to reduce the technical risks. Moreover, it is necessary for domestic enterprises and research institutions in material, R&D, fabrication and test to cooperate together.