陕北煤田地震数据处理技术初探

在陕北煤田地震勘探中,由于地表沟梁纵横、表层黄土厚度纵横向变化大,激发与接收条件的一致性较差,致使地震波场的高频成分吸收衰减严重,振幅和频率横向变化较大,总体波场的信噪比和分辨率不高。因此,在全频带且相对较高信噪比采集数据的基础上,应用合理有效的非一致性处理、静校正处理、展宽频带处理及去噪处理等技术,可提高煤田地震勘探成果的精度和可靠性,为煤系地层的正确对比追踪及煤层厚度的定量描述奠定基础。

Discussion on processing technology for seismic data of North Shaanxi Coal Field

During the seismic exploration in North Shaanxi Coal Field,due to the gullies and ridges crossing on the surface ground and to the thickness of the loess in the overburden been great changed in all directions, the consistency between the seismic excitation and receiving conditions are quite poor.Therefore the high frequency content absorption from the seismic wave field was serious in attenuation.The amplitude and frequency were greatly changed in lateral.The signal and noise rate and the resolution ratio in the general wave field were not high.So based on the collated information of the relative high signal and noise ratio from the full frequency zone,the rational application of the inconsistency treatment,static correction treatment,open wide frequency band treatment and de-noise treatment method and technologies could improve the accuracy and reliability of the seismic exploration results in the coal field,which could provide the basics to the correct comparison tracking of the coal series strata and the quantitatively state of the seam thickness.