The effect of dietary arachidonic acid on plasma lipoprotein distributions, apoproteins, blood lipid levels, and tissue fatty acid composition in humans |
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Authors: | G J Nelson P C Schmidt G Bartolini D S Kelley S D Phinney David Kyle Steven Silbermann Ernst J Schaefer |
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Affiliation: | (1) University of California School of Medicine, 95616 Davis, California;(2) Martek Corporation, 21045 Columbia, Maryland;(3) Perlimmune, 20850 Rockville, Maryland;(4) Tuft University Medical School, USDA Center on Aging, 02111 Boston, Massachusetts;(5) USDA/ARS/WHNRC, Presidio of San Francisco, P.O. Box 29997, 94129 San Francisco, CA |
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Abstract: | Normal healthy male volunteers (n=10) were fed diets (high-AA) containing 1.7 g/d of arachidonic acid (AA) for 50 d. The control (low-AA) diet contained 210
mg/d of AA. Dietary AA had no statistically significant effect on the blood cholesterol levels, lipoprotein distribution,
or apoprotein levels. Adipose tissue fatty acid composition was not influenced by AA feeding. The plasma total fatty acid
composition was markedly enriched in AA after 50 d (P<0.005). The fatty acid composition of plasma lipid fractions, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipid
(PL) showed marked differences in the degree of enrichment in AA. The PL plasma fraction from the subjects consuming the low-AA
diet contained 10.3% AA while the subjects who consumed the high-AA diet had plasma PL fractions containing 19.0% AA. The
level of 22:4n-6 also was different (0.67 to 1.06%) in the plasma PL fraction after 50 d of AA feeding. After consuming the
high-AA diet, the total red blood cell fatty acid composition was significantly enriched in AA which mainly replaced linoleic
acid. These results indicate that dietary AA is incorporated into tissue lipids, but selectively into different tissues and
lipid classes. Perhaps more importantly, the results demonstrate that dietary AA does not alter blood lipids or lipoprotein
levels or have obvious adverse health effects at this level and duration of feeding. |
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