可加工陶瓷材料及其制造技术的研究进展

陶瓷材料综合性能优异，是21世纪最有发展前途的材料之一，但脆性大、难加工限制了它的进一步广泛应用。微裂纹扩展机制和弱界面的研究为陶瓷增韧补强提供了一定的理论指导，使各种保持卓越性能的可加工陶瓷的开发成为可能。目前研究的可加工陶瓷主要有可加工玻璃陶瓷、层状结构陶瓷、多孔结构陶瓷、磷酸盐类陶瓷、纳米复相陶瓷等。陶瓷材料的可加工性是材料许多基本属性的综合反映，硬度和断裂韧性起决定作用。从可加工机理、研究进展、性能评估、发展前景等方面对可加工陶瓷进行了理论综述。

Research on Machinable Ceramic Materials

Ceramic material is one of the most promising materials in the 21th century due to its many outstanding properties. But the brittleness and poor machinability restrict their further wide applications. The studies of microcracking spread mechanism and weak-bonding interface provide theoretical guide for toughening of ceramic materials,and make it possible to exploit various machinable ceramics with prominent properties. Presently,there are many kinds of machinable ceramics are in research such as glass-ceramics,samdwich ceramics,lacunosis ceramics,phosphatic ceramics,nano-diphase ceramics,etc. The machinability of ceramics is compositive reflection of many essential properties. Rigidity and toughness are determinative. Some aspects such as mechanism of machinability,progress in researches,evaluation of capabilities and trends in this fields are reviewed in this paper.