Plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor and its soluble receptors correlate with clinical features and outcome of Hodgkin's disease patients

A prospective study was performed to assess the use of plasma measurement of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), lymphotoxin alpha (LT alpha) and their soluble receptors (p55 and p75) for prognostic risk assignment in 61 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Plasma levels of TNF, p55 and p75, but not of LT alpha, were higher in Hodgkin's disease patients than in healthy controls. Plasma levels of TNF, p55 and p75 were associated with several prognostic factors for Hodgkin's disease, including those related to the host (age, performance status) and to the tumour (disease stage, extranodal site involvement, bulky tumour, serum levels of LDH and beta2-microglobulin, histology). Elevated plasma levels of TNF, p55 and p75 were also associated with several parameters reflecting an immune activation, including the presence of B symptoms, elevated serum levels of gammaglobulins, alkaline phosphatase and fibrinogen, as well as peripheral monocytosis, anaemia and low serum albumin levels. Finally, elevated TNF ligand receptor plasma markers were associated with a lower incidence of complete response to therapy and predicted shorter free-from-progression survival and overall survival of the patients. These results indicate that the plasma levels of TNF and its soluble receptors correlate with clinical features and outcome of patients with Hodgkin's disease.