基于气候变化的城市规划研究进展与展望

基于科学网络引文数据库(WOS),本文采用CiteSpace知识图谱软件,梳理了1990—2016年国外气候变化与城市规划的研究热点和发展趋势。研究发现:在经历了20世纪七八十年代的迅速发展,1990年代初、中期的研究停滞以及1990年代末期以来的复兴后,研究视角和方法更加多元化,呈现学科交叉化与内容广泛化的趋势;研究内容主要趋向于气候复合效应与城市系统的互动机制、基于气候变化的城市系统分析评估以及城市规划应对气候变化策略三个方面。最后,论文评论指出,基于气候变化的城市规划研究正沿着内容体系多元化与综合化、方法体系从静态到动态模拟分析、重心倾向于规划行动的政策体系研究的路径发展。今后这一领域将深化气候多效应综合作用的适应性规划的研究,建构动态协作式规划方法。这一研究对我国未来城市空间发展应对气候变化的研究进展和关键技术的提升具有重要参考价值。

OVERVIEW AND PROSPECT OF URBAN PLANNING STUDIES BASED ON CLIMATE CHANGE

This paper teases out the focus and development tendency of urban planning and climate change studies abroad from 1990 to 2016 using CiteSpace based on the Web of Science(WOS) database. It finds that after experiencing the rapid development from 1970 s to 1980 s, research stagnation in the middle of and early 1990 s, and revival since the late 1990 s, the research perspective and research method is more diversified, showing the trend of interdisciplinary nature and diversified subject. In addition, current research tends to focus on interaction mechanism between the urban system and climate change, urban system analysis and evaluation based on climate change, and urban planning coping with climate change. Finally, the paper points out that urban planning research based on climate change is following a development trend of diversified and comprehensive content system, static-to-dynamic simulation analysis method system, and the focus on studying the policy of planning action. Future research in this field will deepen the adaptation planning for combined climate effect and construction of dynamic collaborative planning methods. This research has important reference value to future urban space development and to enhance the progress of key technologies.