轴流压气机转子叶顶间隙流动结构及机理研究

研究某轴流压气机叶顶复杂流动问题,为深入了解压气机叶顶泄漏流流动机制和引发失速的机理,对一亚音速轴流压气机进行全工况数值仿真与试验测量。提出通过对比试验数据和分析泄漏流的流动特性,随着压气机负荷的提高,泄漏流方向的改变引起叶顶堵塞区增大,并诱发压气机失速。采用不同工况下叶顶流场进行仿真对比分析。仿真结果表明,泄漏流与主流相互作用形成泄漏涡,距前缘40%弦长范围内泄漏流影响泄漏涡形态变化,其余部分泄漏流主要通过周向输运低能流体进一步堵塞通道;叶顶压力分布是决定泄漏流方向的主要因素。

Analysis of Leakage Flow Structure and Mechanism in Axial Compressor Rotor

To make a good understanding of the mechanism of leakage flow and compressor stall,the paper studied blade tip complex flow of compressor.Three-dimensional numerical simulation and experimental measurement were performed on a subsonic axial compressor rotor.After comparing with the experimental data and analyzing the characteristic of leakage flow,it was found that the changing of leakage flow angle which increases the blockage area is the main reason of rotor stall as the rotor loading improved.Through comparing the detail flow structure of different conditions,it was concluded that the scope of 40% chord length to leading edge is the main factor that influences the changing of tip leakage vortex topology,while others make a further blockage by transporting low energy fluid and the direction and reflux rate of leakage flow are changed by differential pressure distribution.