黄河沙坡头水利枢纽泥沙淤积特性试验研究

黄河沙坡头水利枢纽水头低、库容小、泥沙量大 ,泥沙问题突出。利用水文系列年泥沙模型试验揭示了枢纽泥沙淤积特性 ,如在弯道水流作用下坝前库区的泥沙淤积、河床电站进口淤积漏斗形状、电站排沙孔排沙效果以及电站尾水渠泥沙冲淤变化等。在模型设计中 ,着重考虑含沙水流宾汉切应力对水流挟沙能力的影响 ,并利用非恒定流的河床冲淤方程推求了冲淤时间比尺

Model Study of Sedimentation Features of the Shapotou Project in the Yellow River

The Shapotou Project in the Yellow River is a project with low water head,small reservoir capacity and great amount of sediment.By physical model tests for a series of hydrological years,the study analyzed sedimentation features of the project such as the upstream sedimentation near the dam zone by the bend flow,the funnel-shaped sedimentation at the inlet of riverbed power station,the effect of sand-flash orifices and the scour and sedimentation variation of the tailwater channel of the power station,etc. In the model design,it is focused on the impact of the Bingham shear stress of the sediment-laden flow on the sediment-carrying capacity,and the time scale of scour and sedimentation is determined by solving the unsteady equation for riverbed variation.