论三门峡水库在黄河防洪工程体系中的作用

通过对三门峡水库运用40余年来社会效益、经济效益以及负面影响的论述，分析了三门峡水库在未来黄河防洪减淤工程体系中的作用和地位，讨论了潼关高程淤积抬升的主要原因及降低潼关高程的综合治理措施，指出了小浪底水库建成后，决定三门峡水库运用方式的主要因素仍是黄河下游和渭河下游的防洪减淤问题。同时，给出了三门峡水库不同运用阶段的水位控制运用指标的建议：①继续做好三门峡水库335m防洪水位和326m防凌水位运用的准备；②汛期平水期保持库水位不超过305m，当入库流量大于1500m^3／s，实施敞泄排沙，并控制北村断面1000m^3／s流量相应水位不超过310m；③非汛期运用水位原则上最高不超过318m，遇调水调沙等特殊情况，需要短时间调蓄时，最高水位不得超过320m，非汛期平均运用水位按照不超过316m控制；④实施渭河下游综合治理，降低潼关高程。

On Functions of Sanmenxia Reservoir in Flood Control Engineering System of the Yellow River

The paper analyzes the function and position of the Sanmenxia Reservoir in the future flood control and sediment reduction engineering system of the Yellow River, discusses the main reasons for silting and increasing the elevation of Tongguan and integrated control measures for reducing the elevation and points out that flood control and sediment reduction of the lower Yellow River and the lower Wei River are still the main factors limiting the operational mode of the Sanmenxia Reservoir after the completion of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir through discussions on social and economic benefits and negative effects of the Sanmenxia Reservoir operated for more than 40 years. In the meanwhile, it puts forward suggestions on indexes of water level control in different operational stage of the Sanmenxia Reservoir: a) to continuously prepare to use flood control water level 335 m and ice run prevention level 326 m of the Sanmenxia Reservoir; b) to keep the reservoir level not higher than 305 m in the normal period of flood season. when the inflow of the reservoir is greater than 1 500 m~3/s, it should open sluice gates for sediment release and control the relevant water level not exceeding 310 m as the discharge 1 000 m~3/s occurred at Beicun cross section; c) to keep the maximum operational water level at 318 m in non-flood season in principle, in an exceptional case of water and sediment regulation and storing for a short period, the maximum water level should not be higher than 320 m and the average operational water level in non-flood season not higher than 316 m; d) to carry out integrated management for the lower Wei River and reduce the elevation at Tongguan.