基于矿井地震波法的地质超前预报技术研究应用

为了在煤矿工作面掘进过程中预报掘进头前方断层、陷落柱以及采空区、采空巷道等地质构造分布情况,实现煤矿巷道的安全掘进,采用矿井地震波法(矿井反射波法和矿井瑞利波法)探测技术,通过井下波形数据采集、数据预处理和反演计算,形成波剖面图和频散曲线,来解释巷道掘进头前方异常的范围和位置特征,并建立了一套适合煤矿采掘过程中超前预报地质构造的技术方法。结果表明:对于矿井反射波法,对断层、裂隙等构造以及煤岩分界面等单一边界情况探测分辨率较高;对于矿井瑞利波法,对采空区、空巷、空洞等复杂边界情况反映更灵敏;综合采用矿井反射波法和矿井瑞利波法,对各类地质构造探测更为精细。

Sduty and application of advanced geological forecast technology by the seismic wave method of coal mine

Distribute condition for tunnelling place front geologicstructure forecasting such as fault,collapse column,goaf,goaf roadway in the process of coal mine face driving,realizing safe coal mine tunnel driving,adopting detection technology of seismic wave method of coal mine(reflected wave method and rayleigh wave method of coal mine),by the fact that the waveform data collect,data pretreatment and inverse calculation,forming waveform profile and dispersion curve,to make an explanation abnormal range and location characteristic in the tunnelling place front,Have built a set of the technology method being fit to geologicstructure forecasting in coal mine digging process.Result is indicated: The reflected wave methed is in the resolution ratio is higher to unitary border condition probing such as structure of fault,crack and coal rock interface;rayleigh wave method to complicated borders such as goaf,empty roadway,cavity keener reflect more sensitive;Adopt reflected wave method and rayleigh wave method of coal mine to be more meticulous to geologicstructure of all kinds probing synthetically.